While we all know UV light can cause sunburn, it's important to understand the two different types of UV rays. UVA rays specifically cause premature aging, pigmentation, and degrade collagen and elastin in the skin. These pervasive rays can even pass through clouds and windows, highlighting the need for a broad-spectrum SPF, even on overcast days.

UVB rays, on the other hand, directly damage cellular DNA and can ultimately lead to skin cancer. A significant portion of sun damage occurs within the first 20 years of life, manifesting much later.

When choosing an SPF level, remember that SPF 50 blocks about 98% of UVB rays, while SPF 30 blocks around 97%. Although this may seem like a small difference, that extra protection accumulates significantly over a lifetime. This is especially true if you spend a lot of time outdoors, making the higher SPF a worthwhile choice.

Comparing sun protection filters

Sunscreen filters generally come in two main types: chemical and mineral. Chemical filters work by absorbing UV rays. They typically offer a lighter texture, are more sheer, and feel comfortable to wear. They tend to integrate seamlessly with makeup

Mineral filters sit on the skin's surface to block UV rays. Historically, they were more associated with thick, white formulas, but newer products have advanced significantly. They are now particularly good for sensitive skin or inflammatory skin conditions, as ingredients like zinc oxide actively help to reduce redness and inflammation.

Do’s and don’ts of sun protection

Finally, here are some crucial sun protection tips to keep in mind:

• DO Reapply sunscreen every 2 hours, and especially after sweating or swimming.
• DO Check where you are buying your SPF from. European countries typically have more stringent testing and standards compared to the US.
• DO NOT forget often-missed areas like your scalp, hands, lips, ears, and the tops of your feet.
• DO NOT mix other products with your sunscreen, as this can dilute its efficacy.

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